

This is a really naive take - this amendment (which requires message scanning to be targeted) passed with a slim majority and could well have failed. In that case the existing mass surveillance (“voluntary scanning”) would probably keep happening at least until 2028.
The council meanwhile is overwhelmingly pro-message-scanning, and they (together with the commission) are the ones who are pushing to break e2e encryption. There will now be talks between the three institutions to decide on how to proceed. Sadly I expect that some “compromise” will be reached eventually.

US was built on rail, and it was way less dense and urban back then. The problem is not how “compact” a country is, it’s simply a question of priorities and budgets. China and EU are investing in rail (to varying degrees), so they get rail with all its benefits. US is wasting more and more money on financially unsustainable car infrastructure, so it is getting failing car infrastructure.